Pathology of Syringofibroadenoma

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Eccrine syringofibroadenoma is a rare eccrine tumour first described by Mascaro in 1963.

Clinical presentation: Solitary, often large nodular lesion. These are most often found in middle-aged and elderly patients.

Site: Usually located on the extremities and rarely on the face.

Microscopic features:

Histologic examination reveal branching anastomosing strands of epithelial cells with ductal structures in a fibrovascular stroma.

Epithelial strands are attached to the undersurface of the epidermis.

The luminal cells show positive staining for carcinoembryonic antigen.

A few cases with this pattern have been associated with carcinoma (syringofibrocarcinoma).

Variant: The clear cell variant was reported by Fretzin in 1995.

It is characterized by nests of periodic acid Schiff-positive clear cells resembling the clear-cell variant of syringoma.

Multiple (palmoplantar) Eccrine syringofibroadenomas are a new cutaneous marker of the Schopf syndrome - (hidrocystomas of the eyelid, hypotrichosis- less than normal amount of hair on the head or body, hypodontia- fewer than the normal number of teeth, and nail abnormalities).

Reactive Eccrine Syringofibroadenomatosis - May occur next to various condition.

Example- Inflammatory dermatosis, bullous pemphigus, palmoplantar erosive lichen planus and chronic diabetic foot ulcers.